THE BULGARIAN FOOTBALL
WORLD PHENOMENON
There are significant skills gaps in the cultural heritage sector, as highlighted by various European studies. This is shown by a 2017 Eurobarometer survey on the topic, which found that 88% of European citizens agree that Europe's cultural heritage should be taught in schools, as it is linked to our history and culture. In support of this, the European Commission is raising awareness of Europe's cultural heritage through education and maximising the impact of the Erasmus+ programme in this area.
Through direct experience or analysis of cultural heritage, educators gain knowledge, intellectual skills and a broader set of competences on issues such as cultural heritage maintenance or public well-being. Supporting heritage education was one of the objectives of the European Year of Cultural Heritage and is still pursued through the European Framework of Action on Cultural Heritage.
The report on an integrated approach to Europe's cultural heritage, developed by the European Parliament, notes that "any public policy in the field of cultural heritage must take into account two perspectives: that cultural heritage can be a significant source of jobs and income, which are key issues to be taken into account in the current economic context, and that the main value of cultural heritage continues to be its cultural value".
In this regard, the HORO project aims to build capacity and increase skills and knowledge in the cultural heritage sector.
Skills needs can only be addressed effectively by first identifying existing skills gaps and, second, filling these gaps through education and training opportunities that are fit for purpose.
The "HORO" project will be a way to touch the rich cultural heritage of participating countries and in this way we will learn from the past, lay the foundation
foundations for the development of our future.
The main objective of the project is to build the capacity of partners in the field of culture and heritage, as well as to share common traditions, habits and intangible heritage - namely the traditional dances of the partner countries, which are fundamental for joint European initiatives to promote and preserve European cultural heritage.
The Bulgarian partner (DULO association) will increase intercultural knowledge and
acquire specific competencies in cultural heritage management, promotion and preservation of cultural heritage through staff training courses.
The European partner will bring knowledge and share experience in the field of cultural heritage promotion, preservation and innovative educational methods in the field, so that young people are attracted and included in various cultural initiatives, for example - continuing education in the cultural heritage sector, knowledge of the oldest traditions, customs, dances, rites of our ancestors.
cultural diversity
Bulgaria's cultural diversity – the heart of its cultural heritage
Bulgaria is a country whose history and geographical location have transformed its cultural heritage into a unique treasure. Situated at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, Bulgaria has been home to various peoples and civilizations, whose cultural traces have left a deep imprint on the nation's identity. This cultural diversity, a combination of ancient and modern influences, makes Bulgaria attractive to researchers, tourists and people who want to experience the authentic.
Bulgaria's cultural heritage dates back to prehistoric times, when Thracian tribes inhabited the lands of today's country. Thracian mounds, ancient sanctuaries and gold treasures testify to the highly developed culture of this people. One of the most notable examples is the Kazanlak Thracian Tomb, included in the UNESCO World Heritage List, which reveals the mystical spirituality and art of the Thracians.
Later, the Slavs and Proto-Bulgarians brought their traditions and customs, which mixed and created the basis of modern Bulgarian culture. The adoption of Christianity in the 9th century further enriched the country's cultural heritage, placing it at the center of Byzantine cultural influence.
The Ottoman era, which lasted nearly five centuries, also left its mark. Ottoman art and architecture permeated the way of life of the Bulgarians, which is visible in the harmony of the traditional houses in Koprivshtitsa and Plovdiv. Despite Ottoman rule, the Bulgarians managed to preserve their identity through folk music, dances and customs, which are today considered one of the most valuable cultural treasures of the country.
One of the strongest evidences of Bulgaria's cultural diversity is its rich folklore. Each region of the country has its own unique costumes, songs and dances that tell stories about the life, nature and faith of the people. Martenitsa, which symbolizes spring and new beginnings, is one of the most recognizable Bulgarian traditions, uniting generations of Bulgarians.
Another notable tradition is the Kukery tradition, associated with pagan beliefs and rituals to drive away evil spirits. The Kukery costumes, made of furs and feathers, and the noisy rituals are not only an attraction for tourists, but also a living testament to the cultural wealth of the country.
Cultural heritage in the contemporary context
Today, Bulgaria strives not only to preserve but also to promote its cultural heritage. Archaeological reserves such as Nessebar, ancient monasteries and traditional festivals are part of the efforts to preserve the authenticity of cultural heritage.
Museums and cultural centers play an important role in educating the younger generation and in presenting Bulgaria to the world. The inclusion of elements such as the fire-fighting tradition and the Bistrikshe Babas on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List proves the uniqueness of Bulgarian culture and puts it on the world stage.
The cultural diversity of Bulgaria is not only a treasure from the past, but also a foundation for the future. It creates a connection between different generations and cultures, carrying a message of tolerance and unity. Preserving and promoting this wealth is not just a national duty, but also a gift to the world, which can draw inspiration from the unique mosaic of Bulgarian culture.
Today, more than ever, Bulgaria's cultural heritage proves that traditions and diversity are not an obstacle to progress, but a key to the country's sustainable development and global recognition.
THE ANCIENT BUILDERS OF BULGARIA
Bulgaria, located at the crossroads of different cultures and civilizations, is a country with a rich heritage in the field of construction. Every era, every civilization and every geographical location of the country has left its mark on the architecture and construction techniques. These ancient methods reflect not only the practicality and ingenuity of the Bulgarian people, but also their respect for nature and local resources.
One of the first cultures to leave a significant legacy in the construction of Bulgaria were the Thracians. They are known for their impressive mounds carved into the ground and monumental sanctuaries. The stone structures of the sanctuary in Perperikon, as well as the tombs in Kazanlak and Sveshtari, reveal the high level of construction art and spirituality of the Thracians.
These structures were not only an engineering achievement, but also an expression of the relationship between man and nature. The use of local materials such as limestone and granite, the carefully carved stones, and the organic integration of the buildings into the environment are distinctive features of Thracian building practices.
With the arrival of the Slavs and Proto-Bulgarians to the Bulgarian lands, building practices changed to meet the needs of nomadic and agricultural life. Practicality was a fundamental principle in their methods – they used mainly wood and clay, making them easily accessible and renewable resources.
The fortresses of the Proto-Bulgarians, such as Pliska and Preslav, demonstrate their mastery in building defensive structures. Although they used mainly bricks and mortar, the architecture of this era is influenced by Byzantine building techniques, with an emphasis on strength and durability.
The medieval era in Bulgaria was a time of great cultural and architectural flourishing. With the construction of churches, monasteries and fortresses, an architectural style emerged that combined Byzantine, Slavic and local traditions.
The Rila Monastery is one of the best examples of this cultural interaction. With its carvings, murals, and intricate construction elements, it reflects both the spiritual depth of the time and the craftsmanship of the builders.
Houses that are examples of traditional Renaissance construction appear in the urban environment. The stone foundations, wooden beams, and curved roofs of these houses show how local builders adapted to the climatic conditions and available resources.
During the Ottoman rule, construction in Bulgaria developed under the influence of Eastern architecture. The mosques, baths, and caravanserais built during this period combine traditional Bulgarian and Ottoman elements.
At the same time, Bulgarian master craftsmen preserved and developed traditional building methods. The houses in Koprivshtitsa, Zheravna and Bansko are excellent examples of the local style, which combines functionality with aesthetics. These houses have stone foundations to protect against earthquakes and moisture, while the upper floors are built of wood to provide warmth and lightness.
The ancient construction practices of Bulgaria hold important lessons for sustainable development in the modern world. The use of local materials, adaptation to natural conditions, and respect for the environment are principles that can inspire modern construction.
Today, these traditions are not only preserved but also integrated into modern architecture. Projects that use stone, wood, and clay are attracting the attention of architects and builders looking for sustainable solutions.
The cultural diversity in the construction of Bulgaria is a living heritage that carries the history and identity of the nation. It shows us how different cultures can unite into one, creating something unique and beautiful. Preserving and promoting these traditions is not only a duty to the past, but also a key to the future, in which sustainability and respect for nature play an increasingly important role.